Comprehensive health management, diseases and parasites program for organized goat farm
Health management is the most important routine activity of the organized farm. There is one well said phrase “Prevention is better than cure”. We will stick to this quote and design a herd health plan according to this.
Economic losses:- caused by decreased production, cost of prevention, cost of treatment & possible death of infected animals.
- Health and disease are difficult to define. A goat in an excellent health may still have parasites.
- So we can say disease is defined as the state that prevents optimal productivity.
Physical examination:
- General observation of each and every animal from a distance and record anything unusual.
- For this you should have a history of the animal (like age sex breed weight vaccination etc etc).
- Normal values of vital parameters of goats are:
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FAMACHA TEST
- This test is a guide for farmers to access the status of anemia in otherwise healthy goats.
- Match this chart with the conjunctiva of goat and arrive to results.
- You can diagnose if your goat is suffering from worm load (pet main kidey) especially Hemonchus contortus which lives in stomach and sucks up to 0.5ml blood daily.
- Now you can imagine that 20 kg goat has 1600ml blood and if 100 worms are present inside the stomach than they suck up to 50ml daily and 1500ml in a month. give closantel (Zenvet bolus)
- Note: ticks and lices contribute equally to development of anemia as they also suck the blood. So dipping becomes necessary. (Butox 2ml/lit water in Feb & Oct.)
- This chart helps you to check the status of anemia.
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Correction of Anemia:
Give Ferritas inj. 2ml alternate days for 10 days.
If possible for you then send blood to the pathological lab for hemoglobin estimation if you are confuse with chart.
Vaccination program
This is very important part of overall production and first step in the policy of “prevention is better than cure”
Hardly there are 6-7 diseases which can be prevented by scheduled vaccination and you can complete more than 50% health management by following this.
| S.no | Disease | Vaccine available at | Dose and time of vaccination | Booster | Repetition |
| 1 | PPR | PPR vaccine IVRI, Raksha PPR by Indian immunologicals | 100 dose/Rs 100/- 2month of age, if u purchase new animal then vaccinate it even in pregnancy than introduce into farm. | No need of booster | It gives protection up to 4 years |
| 2 | ET | ET vaccine IVRI, Bovilis® ETV made by intervet (Storage Between 2 – 8°C. Shake well before use. Do not freeze. Shelf Life 12 months) |
50 Doses/Rs 100/- vaccinate at 1 week of age if mother is not vaccinated otherwise vaccinate at 4 wk of age. | If vaccinate at 1st wk than give booster at 4th wk | Every 6th month |
| 3 | HS + FMD | HS vaccine is a available in combination of FMD made by Indian immunologicals marketed as RAKSHA BIOVAC 1ST vaccination done at 4 month of age |
1ml/animal; available in 30ml vial costs around Rs 125/- | 9 month after 1st vaccination | anually |
| 4 | BQ | RAKSHA-BQ by Indian immunologicals | 1st vaccination at 6month of age, 1ml is dose and available in 100ml vial | —— |
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| 5 | Brucellosis (this disease has zoonotic potential so take due care of it) | BRUREX REV 1 by Indian immunologicals | 1st vaccination at 5 month of age with dose 1ml subcut in mid neck region, it is available in 5, 10,20 and 100 doses vial. Do not vaccinate the pregnant animals. | No need |